柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派最具代表性的人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，对宋词的发展有重大影响。
《雨霖铃》词牌名，也写作《雨淋铃》。相传唐玄宗入蜀时因在雨中闻铃声而思念杨贵妃，故作此曲。曲调自身就具有哀伤的成分。宋代柳永的《雨霖铃》最为有名，而其中的“多情自古伤离别”一句更成为千古名句。
雨霖铃
寒蝉凄切，
对长亭晚，
骤雨初歇。
都门帐饮无绪，
留恋处，
兰舟催发。
执手相看泪眼，
竟无语凝噎。
念去去、千里烟波，
暮霭沉沉楚天阔。
多情自古伤离别，
更那堪，冷落清秋节！
今宵酒醒何处？
杨柳岸、
晓风残月。
此去经年，
应是良辰好景虚设。
便纵有千种风情，
更与何人说？
Bells Ringing in the Rain
Cicadas chill
Drearily shrill.
We stand face to face in an evening hour
Before he pavilion, after a sudden shower.
Can we care for drinking before we part?
At the city gate
We can lingering late,
But the boat is waiting for me to depart.
Hand in hand we gaze at each other’s tearful eyes
And burst into sobs with words congealed on our lips.
I’ll go my way,
Far, far away.
On miles and miles of misty waves where sail ships,
And evening clouds hang low in boundless Southern skies.
Lovers would grieve at parting as of old.
How could I stand this clear autumn day so cold!
Where shall I be found at daybreak
From wine awake?
Moored by a riverbank planted with willow trees
Beneath the waning moon and in the morning breeze.
I’ll be gone for a year.
In vain would good times and fine scenes appear.
However gallant I am on my part,
To whom can I lay bare my heart?
（许渊冲 译）
Yu Lin Ling
Mournfully chirr the cicadas,
As the shower of rain stops
And we face the roadside pavilion at dusk.
We drink without cheer in the tent outside the city gate;
It is the moment we are loath to part
But the magnolia-wood boat beckons me on.
Hands clasped together we see our tears,
So overcome, unable to utter a single word.
Ahead lies a journey a thousand li of misty waves
And the vast sky of Chu1 hangs with heavy evening haze.
Since time immemorial, lovers have grieved at parting
Made more poignant in the fallow season of autumn.
What is this place where I have sobered from my drunken stupor?
“The riverside is strewn with willow trees,
The morning breeze wafts in with a waning moon.”2
Our parting will last for years,
Fine hours and scenes of beauty have no appeal
Even though my heart is filled with tender feelings,
But, with whom can I share them?
1. Referring to the region of the ancient State of Chu situated in the central and southeast part of the country.
2. A scene the poet imagines might occur on his journey.
（杨宪益、戴乃迭 译）
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